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• Overview
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  • Modules
  • Site Features
  • Project Information
• Pharmacology
  • Historical Perspectives
    • The Pre-Antibacterial Era
    • The Golden Age of Antibacterials
    • What Lies Beyond?
  • Antimicrobials
    • Antimicrobials: An Introduction
    • Spectrum of Activity
    • Effect on Bacteria
    • Mode of Action
    • Antibiotics of Veterinary Importance
      • Aminoglycosides
      • Beta Lactam Antibiotics
      • Chloramphenicol
      • Diaminopyrimidines (Trimethoprim)
      • Glycopeptides
      • Fluroquinolones
      • Polymixins
      • Lincosamides
      • Macrolides
      • Rifamycins
      • Streptogramins
      • Sulfonamides
      • Tetracyclines
  • Antimicrobial Usage in Animals
    • Therapeutic Use of Antibiotics
    • Non-Therapuetic use of Antimicrobials in Animals
      • Growth Promotion
      • Prophylactic or Metaphylactic Use
  • Summary
  • References
• Microbiology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance
  • Bacterial Resistance Strategies
    • Introduction
      • Mechanisms of Resistance Against Different Antimicrobial Classes
    • Strategy 1: Preventing Access
    • Strategy 2: Use of Efflux Pumps
    • Strategy 3: Agent Modification
    • Strategy 4: Target Modification
  • Molecular Basis for Antimicrobial Resistance
    • Intrinsic Resistance
    • Acquired Resistance
      • Mutation
      • Horizontal Gene Transfer
  • Detecting Antimicrobial Resistance
    • Approaches and Strategies
    • Test Methods
      • Examples of Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing Methods
  • Module Key Points
  • References and Suggested Readings
• Public Health
  • Veterinary Public Health
  • I. Introduction
    • Examples of Antimicrobials Important in Human Medicine Being Used for Animal Treatment, Metaphylaxis or Growth Promotion
    • Figure 2. Possible Spread of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria from Animals to Humans.
  • II. The Human Health Impact Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Animal Populations
    • A. Increased human morbidity
    • B. Increased human mortality
    • C. Reduced efficacy to related antibiotics used in human medicine
    • D. Increased human healthcare costs
    • E. Increased carriage and dissemination
    • F. Facilitated emergence of resistance in human pathogens
  • III. The environmental impact of imprudent antimicrobial use in animals
    • A. Veterinary antibiotics in soil
    • B. Veterinary antibiotics in water
    • C. Effects on other ecosystems
  • IV. The Global Health Impact Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Animal Populations
    • Veterinary-related Factors Influencing the Global Spread of AMR
    • National and International AMR Programs
  • References and Resources
  • Summary
• Animated
  • Integrated Principals
    • 1. Purpose and Goals
    • 2. Introduction
    • 3. Mechanisms of resistance
    • 4. The public health officer
    • 5. Salmonella epidemiology
    • 6. Food History
    • 7. Small Animal Clinic
    • 8. The physical exam
    • 9. Simon the cat
    • 10. Horse exposure
    • 11. Farm biosecurity
    • 12. Use of antibiotics
    • 13. At the micro lab
    • 14. Selecting an antibiotic
    • 15. Empiric Therapy
    • 16. Pharmacology
    • 17. Using MIC values
    • 18. Case Wrap-up
    • 19. Antimicrobials and agriculture
    • 20. Salmonella resistance
      • Resistance: Animal to Human (2 of 2)
    • 21. Conclusion
    • 22. Epilog
    • References
    • Glossary
  • The Hunt for Ella Salmonella
  • The Hunt for Ella Salmonella Book II
  • Global Perspectives – The Danish Experiment:
• Species Specific
  • Dairy Cattle
    • Medicated Milk Replacer
      • 1. Farm Background
      • 2. Farm Tour
      • 3. Medicated Milk Replacer
      • 4. Calf Management
      • 5. Medicated Milk Replacer
      • 6. MMR Frequency of Use
      • 7. Sanitation and hygiene
      • 8. Summary
      • 9. References
    • Neonatal Scours, Antibiotics and Dairy Calves
      • 1. Intro to Neonatal Scours, Antibiotics and Dairy Calves
      • 2. Farm Background
      • 3. Calf Management
      • 4. What next?
      • 5. Scours History
      • 6. Calf Records
      • 7. Farm Tour
      • 8. Physical Exam
      • 9. Diagnostic Specimens
      • 10. Necropsy
      • 11. Antibiotic Selection
      • 12. When to Use Antibiotics
      • 13. Fluid Administration
      • 14. Discussion with Client
      • 15. Colostrum Management
      • 16. Treatment plan
      • 17. Management Recommendations
      • 18. Laboratory Results
      • 19. Use of Antibiotics for Scours
      • 20. Summary
    • Model Mastitis Control Program
    • Contagious Mastitis Control in Dairy Cows
      • 1. Contagious Mastitis
      • 2. Contagious Mastitis
      • 3. Contagious Mastitis
      • 4. Contagious Mastitis
      • Contagious Mastitis 5
      • 6. Contagious Mastitis
      • 7. Contagious Mastitis
      • 8. Contagious Mastitis
      • 9. Contagious Mastitis
      • 10. Contagious Mastitis
      • 11. Contagious Mastitis
      • 12. Contagious Mastitis
      • 13. Contagious Mastitis
      • Cows to Culture
      • Cows to Culture
      • 14. Contagious Mastitis
      • 15. Mastitis Treatment and Prevention
      • 16. Summary
      • 17. References
  • Beef Cattle
    • Regression to the Mean and Antibiotic Efficacy
    • Antibiotics and Bovine Respiratory Disease:
      • 1. Introduction to Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD)
      • 2. Cow-calf BRD
      • 3. Bovine Respiratory Disease Prevention
      • 4. Opportunistic Agents
      • 5. Preconditioning
      • 6. Preventing BRD
      • 7. Feedlot
      • 8. Diagnosis
      • 9. Treatment Protocols
      • 10. Management Summary
      • 11. Study questions
  • Pet Animals
    • Antimicrobial Use and Resistance In Companion Animal Medicine
      • 1. Introduction to Antimicrobial Use In Small Animals
      • 2. Scenario
      • 3. Antimicrobial use in small animal practice.
      • 4. Classes and types of antimicrobials used in small animal practice.
      • 5. Antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance.
      • 6. Improving antimicrobial use
      • 7. Wrap up
      • 8. Reference List
    • Rodent Multiple-Drug Resistant Salmonella Outbreak
      • 1. Index Case
      • 2. Initial Questions
      • 3. Interview
      • 4. Necropsy
      • 5. Rodent Salmonella Outbreak
      • 6. PFGE
      • 7. Control Questions
      • 8. Source Identification
      • 9. Control Measures
      • 10. Additional Cases
      • 11. Pocket Pet Industry
      • 12. Rodent Antibiotics
      • 13. Salmonella & Antibiotics
      • 14. Public Awareness
      • 15. Antibiotic Summary
      • 16. Traceback Diagram
      • 17. Conclusions
    • Canine Pyoderma Teaching Module
      • 2. Introduction
      • 3. Differential Diagnoses
      • 4. Physical Examination
      • 5. Diagnostic Tests
      • 6. More Diagnostic Testing
      • 7. Laboratory Findings
      • 8. Initial Treatment
      • 9. Choosing an Antibiotic
      • 10. Clinical Response to Treatment
      • 11. Culture and Susceptibility Testing
      • 12. Sensitivity Results and Summary
    • Antibiotic Use in Feline Urinary Tract Disease
      • 01 Introduction
      • 02 Questions to ask
      • 03 Physical examination
      • 04 Narrowing your differentials
      • 05 Diagnostic Tests
      • 06 Sample Collection
      • 07 Cystocentesis
      • 08 Sample problems
      • 09 Getting a sample
      • 10 Results
      • 11 Diagnosis
      • 12 What to do next?
      • 13 Culture
      • 14 Initial Treatment
      • 15 Culture Results
      • 16 Diagnosis
      • 17 How to proceed?
      • 18 Treatment Plan
      • 19 Update
      • 20 References
  • Equine
    • Equine Upper Respiratory Infections
      • 1. Talking with the Owner
      • 2. Physical Exam
      • 3. Treatment Record for Cowboy
      • 4. Rounds
  • Swine
    • Post-Weaning Scours in Pigs
      • 01 Setup
      • 02 Clinical Signs-Post Mortem Exam Results
      • 03 Clinical Diagnosis
      • 04 Immediate Therapy implemented
      • 05 VCPR-PQA
      • 06 Diagnostic submission
      • 07 Diagnostic results review
      • 08 Optional Reading and Resources
      • 09 Follow-up check on the farm’s clinical picture.
      • 10 Prevention plan created
      • 11 What will we do going forward and what would the result likely be?
      • 12 Additional Resources
• Support
  • References
  • Credits
  • Suggestion Box
  • Module PDF Files
    • Medicated Milk Replacer
    • Microbiology
    • Pharmacology
    • Vet Public Health